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Psychoacoustic test system (Technical listening training)

Psychoacoustic test system (Technical listening training)

"Shinji" is a system that supports the measurement of a psychological side of the sound.
In sound, there are two meanings, the first one is "sound wave" as physical phenomena and second one is "auditory sense" as psychological phenomena.
Therefore, when measuring the sound, measuring the physical and psychological aspects should be considered.
We guess that many people imagine the word "the measurement of sound" the measurements of the physical value (sound pressure level etc).
The physical measurement of the sound can be carried out easily, if you prepare the needed measurement equipment (such as microphone, amplifire, analyzer, etc.), and you know the way how to use them and have a basic knowledge about sound. On the other hand, in the psychological measurement of sound, human beings become a measurement equipment.
That means we need to have a person hear the sound and then measure the impression (psychological value) that the person felt.

Outline of Shinji system

Photo example of the system configuation "Shinji" system consists of application software to manage the psychological measurement of the sound, a computer system to run it, an audio interface to present a sound stimulus to a subject and a response terminal to collect the responses from the subject.
In this system, the sound stimulus is handled as a file in a computer and presents it directly from the computer using an audio interface such as sound cards. The subject's responses to sound stimuli are collected by the response terminals in real time according to the progress of the measurement. Moreover, the host computer and the terminal are connected by LAN. By using a wireless LAN, it is also possible to build an experimental environment without using cables.
The psychological measurement of the sound that using "Shinji" system will be carried out as follows.
"Shinji" can process the procedure from (3) to (7), and it can greatly reduce the workload of the psychoacoustic measurement compared with an existing method.

A general procedure of psychological measurement with

  1. (1) Planning the measurement
  2. (2) Preparing the sound material

    Prepare the sound material (sound file) to present for the subjects as a stimuli.

  3. (3) Making a sound stimulus list using Shinji system

    Register the sound material (sound file) for the measurement.

  4. (4) Making a playback schedule using Shinji system

    Set the presentation pattern of the sound stimulus, the number of measurement trials, the sound stimulus played in each trials and the response time of the subject.

  5. (5) Setting the measuring parameter using Shinji system

    Set the measurement information to indicate to the subject and a response button, according to the measurement plan.

  6. (6) Implementing the measurement using Shinji system

    Play the sound stimulus according to the playback schedule, and collect the responses of each trial from the subject.

  7. (7) Outputting the result using Shinji system

    Total / indicate the results and save them.

  8. (8) Analyzing the measurement results

    Analyze the measured results using the statistical analysis software.

Terminal screen (Semantic Differential method)

In a psychological measurement, it is necessary to classify the measurement result according to subject's characteristics (age and experience, etc.). This system supports the function (questionnaire function) to manage such subject's information. It is possible to set up freely the required items to classify the results, and the system also has a function to let the subject input the information with a response terminal. As the applications which are able to be actualized using Shinji, there are two, "Technical Listening Training" and "Psychoacoustic Test".
"Technical Listening Training" has been used as an educational program to improve their auditory sensitivity skills, and the "Psychoacoustic Test" has been used to measure the subjective impression to the sound to link its result with the physical value of a sound, to develop products or for the researches related to the auditory sense.

Create the Golden Ears [Technical Listening Training]

To appreciate the differences in sound, using both an expensive analyzer efficiently and trained ears which are as good as the analyzer are important. The human ear, with continuous training, will be able to decipher delicate differences of the sound at the moment of hearing it. If a man who had acquired the sophisticated capability to tell the difference of sound could have expressed the difference precisely in a word which indicates physical characteristics of sound, there would be no analyzer which is better than it.
The people who have this wonderful ear, "Golden Ears", are active in a variety of fields related to sound, ranging from a specialist connected to making products related to sound such as a musician, an instrument tuner and recording engineer, to the engineers to develop the audio equipment or to take measures against noise. They suspect the differences of the sound by only hearing it and at the moment of hearing it, and have the ability to accurately judge what should be done to where next.
Generally, it takes long time for an acoustic engineer to acquire this special auditory sensitivity. Moreover, the best way to obtain this skill is to put in many hours working with this technology. Experience is important, but it is not enough. Companies and laboratories that need senior acoustic engineers have been seeking more effective and efficient ways to train the engineers.
"Technical Listening Training" is a systematic training program for the novice engineers to acquire the special auditory sensitivities. They can acquire the "Golden Ears" which advanced engineers have.

Relation between the physical and psychological value of sound

[Psychoacoustic test]

Photo of using a headphone and PDA to listening to the sound It is man that finally judges the quality of the sound. Even when listening to the sounds which have only a little physical difference, the psychological impression we obtained is sometimes greatly different. Moreover oppositely, we may not feel the difference even if there are great differences in the physical property when we listen to the sounds. It is very important to know what difference the human feel upon hearing it, when we change the physical characteristic of the sound,
For example, when hearing noise of same intensity, we may feel a quite different impression according to the difference of the time structure and frequency characteristic. The basis of the noise control is to make the noise quieter, or disappear overall. But in the case that we cannot obtain adequate result after taking the measurements against the noise up to the limit, if the psychological impression that was received when someone hears it can be changed, the noise that was the problem might not be the concern.
In general, sound that has a simple structure that is closely interrelated between its physical characteristic and the psychological evaluation, and many rules have been obtained, such as the relationship between the frequency and pitch, amplitude and loudness, spectrum and tone, and so on. However, the sound we actually hear has a very complex structure in most cases. So, we cannot always explain all the interrelation in the rules. Therefore, now, when we cannot find a simple rule between the physical value and the psychological value of sound, then we implement a "Psychoacoustic test" in which we can measure the psychological value by making many people actually hear the sound and investigate the interrelation with the physical value.
"Shinji" system supports the "Psychoacoustic test" to search for the rules between the physical and psychological value of sound. For the "Psychoacoustic test", many systematic measurement methods have been established according to the purpose of the investigation. "Shinji" system supports various kinds of measurement method including pair comparison, category judgment and semantic differential.

System setup

Hardware setup
Host Computer Windows OS (95/98/Me/NT/2000/XP) compatible
Response Terminal PC running with Windows OS (95/98/Me/NT/2000/XP) compatible or
PDA running Windows OS (Windows CE)
Audio Interface Audio interface running on host computer (#1)
Others Audio equipment (amplifier, speaker),
LAN (*2)
Software setup
Host Software Shinji host application software for Windows

Basic function
Making a playback schedule, playing the sound stimulus

Technical Listening Training function
Planning the measurement, implementing the measurement, managing the measurement result for Technical Listening Training

Psychoacoustic test function (*3)
Planning the measurement, implementing the measurement, managing the measurement result for Psychoacoustic test

Semantic Differential Module

Pair Comparison| Category Judgement module

Magnitude Estimation Module
Response Terminal Software Shinji response terminal application software
for Windows/Windows CE


Basic function

Communication function with Host Computer
User interface for acquiring subject's information

Technical Listening Training function
User interface for Technical Listening Training

Psychoacoustic test capability
User interface for Psychoacoustic test
Semantic Differential Module
Pair Comparison| Category Judgement module
Magnitude Estimation Module

*1: To secure the reliability of the measurement result, high quality audio interface is recommended.
*2: Depending on the environment of using, the devices such as the switching hub may be needed. Also, when using a wireless LAN, wireless LAN access point and wireless LAN card are required.
*3: Other than the methods proposed above, the psychophysical methods (the method of adjustment, method of limits, and PEST method, etc.) can be supported. For this case, the number of the response terminal is limited to one.
*4: Shinji system does not include making sound stimulus or editing software, statistical software for processing the measurement result. Regarding the sound stimulus, the sound file in Microsoft WAVE format is supported.
Moreover, it is possible to export the measurement result and database of the subjects for statistical software "SPSS".
*5: Shinji system software has been provided as a basic function + optional functions (modules). According to your purpose, we can propose the best configuration. Please ask us in detail.

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