A various types and number of acoustic rooms are a characteristic of a broadcast station. These acoustic rooms are organically linked to a network like a spider's web and the information transmitted online. For instance, in a TV station, there's a master room as the center, the television studio, announcer's booth and the sub control room. In addition to these rooms, broadcast related rooms (MA dubbing room, editing room, VTR room and machine room, etc.) and other several dozen types of rooms (rehearsal room, art storage and dressing room, etc.) are surrounded.
A various types of rooms which surround a TV station are not comparable to any other acoustic facility. Because a TV station is equipped with backup facilities essential for broadcasting such as electric installation machine roomsk e.g. lighting control machine room, CVCF( Constant-Voltage Constant-Frequency) room, private generator equipment facility, etc.land air conditioning machine rooms in case of a system shut down, a TV station needs wider space compare to other general buildings. The same can be said for radio stations.
The most difficult thing when designing a broadcast station is the functional layout for these facilities. In many cases, the layout plans are finalized between the client and the architect's office, but it is advisable to conduct a comprehensive deliberation on the layout plan from various professional points of view. We began from acoustic consulting services and have developed broadcast stations throughout the nation from Tokyo, Osaka key broadcast stations to local and mini community FM stations.
The main characteristic of a TV studio is a cyclorama wall which is necessary for recording pictures, because in a TV studio both sounds and pictures are handled to record.iSome TV studios may not have cyclorama wallsj
Because in a TV studio two or three surfaces are ordinarily constructed for cyclorama walls (sometime all four surfaces), these surfaces create opposite reflection surfaces and cause problem of flutter echo or focusing of sound.
When a large scale set is used in the production of a program, these acoustic obstacles will disappear by its masking and diffusion effect and it does not become matter of concern. However, in case of recording a music program in high quality sound, simple stage effects are often used such as just lighting effects to cyclorama wall as a background, therefore influence of the reflected sound from the cyclorama wall appears large in this case.
To avoid these acoustic obstacles, we provide a cyclorama wall which is inclined horizontally or vertically like a mortar. The effect has already been confirmed through computer simulation or a scale model experiment.
Large broadcast station often lays out multiple TV studios horizontally or accumulates them vertically, so it is important to keep the sound insulation performance between each studio and the electromagnetic shield performance for interference prevention of wireless intercoms and the countermeasure against outside radio wave invasion.
At an electromagnetic shield works, construction technique is required to combine with acoustic construction because penetrations of enormous quantity of electrical wires and air ducts through the inside and outside of studio cause deficiency of electromagnetic shield performance and also opening of door and window is prone to reduce it.
In the sub control room as monitor environment, so various works dealing with pictures, sound, SE (sound effect), lighting and CG are proceeded simultaneously. So that, it is difficult to design an acoustic field for a sub control room since it does not only specialized in sound like a MA dubbing room does, but we devised a technique to achieve an accurate monitor environment for the sound area in a sub control room under these circumstances.
Moreover, there is a big difference between the sound area of a sub control room and other acoustic rooms because other than the main picture monitor, many picture monitors and accompanying equipments are placed near the speakers. Since these equipments for picture create an acoustic reflection surface and have a greater influence on the transmission characteristic of the monitor speakers, it is important to conduct an acoustic design to strike a balance between the clear sound image and visibility of the picture monitors.
With the start of terrestrial digital broadcasting, responding to 5.1ch surround-sound system is prepared for a sound area of a sub control room. The surround monitoring circumstance in a TV station is generally taken surround speaker placement complying with the standard ITU-R BS775-1. Under this standard, five speakers should be arranged in a concentric circle. However, occasionally these arrangements turn out to be a waste of a lot of working space or obstructing the work line of flow. To solve this problem, we suggest arranging the rear speakers with an electrical lifting device from the ceiling.
(technical news No.21 5.1ch—CX-V2/ No.23 5.1ch TV station RKB) Those rear speakers can be adjusted at the appropriate height when needed accurate monitoring circumstances, otherwise it is possible to store them without obstructing the work line of flow.
In general, since radio program covers live on radio, it is important to create a favorable environment for an announcer and a guest to talk comfortably. Satellite radio studio and studio which is mainly used for live broadcasting is desirable to see outside directly from the studio. By bringing in outside light, it helps performers feel more relaxed and easily provides real time weather information to listeners and services for visitors.
Now media can distribute not only sound but also images simultaneously. Images conscious studio design is more preferable than sound oriented function in a radio station as well.
However, since most radio program fundamentally handles music and voice, requirement of acoustic performance is very high and important. Because the radio studio where two to five speakers talk across the table is surrounded by windows( between outside and the sub control room) comparatively in high percentage and hard to absorb the sound, it is required to execute a well-balanced acoustic arrangement from low to high frequency in the limited space.
Broadcasting types are not only talk show playing back music but also live performance program in the studio. Since a recording microphone is easily affected by outside electromagnetic wave, electromagnetic shield construction applied may prevent outside electromagnetic wave from affecting a microphone and wiring being mixed into broadcasting wave when the outside electromagnetic wave is strong.